about 200 bce200 bce to 500 ce chiefly in what is now southern Ohio, with related groups in Michigan, Wisconsin, Indiana, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Pennsylvania, and New York.
When did the Hopewell civilization begin?
About 100 B.C., the Hopewell culture began to flourish in what is now Illinois, Ohio, and other parts of the Midwest. Hopewell groups shared four traits. First, they built groups of mounds and embankments, some of which were hundreds of acres in size. Second, they had elaborate graves inside some mounds.
What are some important facts about Hopewell?
The Hopewell Indians are best known for the earth mounds they built. Like the Indians of the Adena culture who came before them, they built large mounds in which they buried the bodies of important people. They also created earthworks in geometric shapes such as circles, rectangles, and octagons.
Why did the Hopewell culture eventually fall apart?
Some archaeologists characterize the end of the Hopewell as a cultural collapse because of the abandonment of the monumental architecture and the diminishing importance of ritual, art, and trade.
What culture influenced the Hopewell?
The Wilhelm culture (1 to 500 CE), Hopewellian influenced, appeared in the northern panhandle of West Virginia. They were contemporaneous to Armstrong central in the Big Sandy valley, nearly 200 miles downstream on the Ohio River.
Why did Hopewell culture build earthworks?
This makes the Hopewell culture special. People from many small communities gathered together at these ceremonial centers to cooperate in building the earthworks and to participate in the religious observances that took place there.
What did the Hopewell create?
Between A.D. 1 and A.D. 500, the people of the Hopewell culture “built a large and elaborate complex of earthen mounds, walls, ditches, and ponds in the southern flowing drainages of the Ohio River valley,” wrote Mark Lynott, the former manager and supervisory archaeologist at the Midwest Archaeological Center, in his …
What did Adena and Hopewell have in common?
Historically, the Hopewell followed the Adena, and their cultures had much in common. Earthen mounds built for burial and ceremonial purposes were a prominent feature of both cultures. They were part of a larger group known as the Moundbuilders that covered a large area in the Southeast and Midwest.
What were the differences between the Adena and the Hopewell?
The Hopewell culture was more highly developed than that of the Adena, with richer burial customs, more sophisticated art, grander ceremonies, a stricter system of social classes, and more advanced farming practices. Items found at Hopewell burial sites included ear spools (a type of earrings) and skulls.
What is the difference between Adena and Hopewell?
Adena Culture mounds were primarily conical-shaped mounds used exclusively for burial purposes. The Hopewell Culture also had burial mounds, but more often these burial mounds were located either inside or nearby massive scaled earthworks such as those that can be seen in Newark and Chillicothe.
What did the Hopewell culture eat?
In their eating habits, the Hopewell fit between hunter-gatherers and farmers. The Hopewell may have grown some plants, but they were not a full-time farming people. They ate nuts, squash, and the seeds from several plants. Hopewell people also ate wild animals, birds, and fish.
What is the Hopewell religion?
Religion was dominated by shamanic practices that included tobacco smoking. Stone smoking pipes and other carvings evince a strong affinity to the animal world, particularly in the depictions of monstrous human and animal combinations.
What purpose did the Hopewell mounds serve?
With what materials and for what purpose did the Hopewell and Adena peoples make mounds? They used clay and dirt to build large mounds, which served as temples, burial grounds, and defensive structures.
What do Hopewell mean?
English (East Midlands): habitational name from Hopwell in Derbyshire, named with Old English hop ‘valley’ + well(a) ‘spring’, ‘stream’.
